The agonists are known to activate NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinases, Erk1/2 and JNK through IL-36R/IL-1RAcP, which targets the IL-8 promotor and results in IL-6 secretion and induces various proinflammatory mediators.
[6] Due to their predominant expression in epithelial tissues, IL-36 cytokines are believed to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of skin diseases, especially that of psoriasis.
[7] IL-36 is expressed by many cells types, most predominantly keratinocytes, respiratory epithelium, various nervous tissue, and monocytes.
In addition, decreased expression of this gene has been linked to a poor prognosis in both hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer patients.
In addition, in acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, IL-36 (mainly IL-36 gamma) was overexpressed in skin lesions.