Irritation

Irritation, in biology and physiology, is a state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage.

Mucosal membrane is the most common site of irritation because it contains secretory glands that release mucus which attracts the allergens due to its sticky nature.

When an irritating object becomes trapped within an oyster's shell, it deposits layers of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), slowly increasing in size and producing a pearl.

This is purely a defense mechanism, to trap a potentially threatening irritant such as a parasite inside its shell, or an attack from outside, injuring the mantle tissue.

Disorders like Sjögren's syndrome, where one does not make tears, can cause a dry eye sensation which feels very unpleasant.

This condition is often seen in young people and can lead to reddish dry eye and scaly eyebrows.

To relieve the itching sensation, one may need to apply warm compresses and use topical corticosteroid creams.

There are also many individuals who have allergies to a whole host of substances like nuts, hair, dander, plants and fabrics.

For these individuals, even the minimal exposure can lead to a full blown skin rash, itching, wheezing and coughing.

Most of these individuals with chronic irritation from allergens usually need to take anti histamines or use a bronchodilator to relieve symptoms.

Candida quickly grows in warm moist areas of these folds and presents as a chronic itch.

Aside from infections, chronic irritation of the vagina may be related to the use of contraceptives and condoms made from latex.

Frequently, these individuals wake up in the morning with copious amounts of foul smelling mucus and a cough which lasts all day.

Eventually most people develop recurrent pneumonia, lack any type of endurance, and are unable to work productively.

Smoking, excess alcohol consumption and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, account for the majority of causes of gastritis.

In some cases, gastritis may develop after surgery, a major burn, infection or emotional stress.

Treatment includes the use of antacids or acid neutralizing drugs, antibiotics, and avoiding spicy food and alcohol.