Jacob Rinehart (April 26, 1834 – August 17, 1907) was an American politician, physician and judge from Maryland.

His brother was William G. Rinehart, who later worked as a tax collector.

He later graduated from the Pennsylvania Medical College in 1858 with a Master of Arts and a Doctor of Medicine degree.

In the fall of 1858, he moved to Fairfield, Pennsylvania, and started a medical practice.

He served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, representing Carroll County, from 1876 to 1878.