During his career playing for Westminster Christian Academy in Town and Country, Missouri, Turner compiled a win–loss record of 20–4 as well as two saves and 187 strikeouts.

[7] Turner began his career with the Tigers' minor league A level affiliate West Michigan Whitecaps.

[14] On July 23, 2012, the Tigers traded Turner, Rob Brantly, and Brian Flynn to the Miami Marlins for Aníbal Sánchez and Omar Infante.

[15] During the rest of the 2012 season, Turner compiled a 1–4 record with a 3.38 ERA, 0.98 WHIP and 29 strikeouts in seven starts (42.2 innings).

[16] Turner posted a 3.74 ERA in 20 starts for the 2013 Marlins, but only went 3–8 as his team finished dead last in runs scored that season.

[16] Turner was diagnosed with a flexor strain and bone bruise on March 10, 2015,[20] and placed on the disabled list six days later.

After left handed starter Carlos Rodon landed on the disabled list, the White Sox called up Turner to take his spot in the rotation on July 17.

[24] On December 13, 2016, Turner signed a minor league contract that included an invitation to spring training with the Washington Nationals.

[25] He did not make the Opening Day roster but had his contract purchased from the Class-AAA Syracuse Chiefs of the International League for a spot start against the Colorado Rockies on April 24.

[27] The Nationals designated Turner for assignment on July 1, 2017, after he gave up five runs in 3+2⁄3 innings against the St. Louis Cardinals in relief.

[29] After Turner was outrighted to Syracuse, he joined the pitching rotation there until the Nationals again selected his contract July 17, 2017, to serve as a long relief option while they awaited the activation of newly acquired relievers Sean Doolittle and Ryan Madson.

On December 19, 2017, Turner signed a minor league contract with the Miami Marlins the deal included an invitation to spring training.

[35] Turner's minor league contract was purchased by the Tigers on August 7, 2018, when he started in place of Mike Fiers, who had been traded to the Oakland Athletics the day before.