[1] He grew up first in the San Sebastián neighborhood of Managua,[1] then from 1941 on El Triunfo street next to La Prensa, in a house built with the inheritance from his maternal grandfather’s death in 1936.

[3] Pedro Joaquín, Anita and Ligia also left the country to pursue their studies, while Jaime and Xavier went to Granada, staying with their grandmother Isabel Argüello de Cardenal.

[2] Two years later, the paper reopened and his father returned, but by then Jaime was in school at Colegio Centro América in Granada, where he remained, making periodic trips to see his family in Managua.

[5] The FSLN shut down La Prensa in 1986, accusing it of sympathizing with the US-backed Contras, and Chamorro, then the newspaper’s senior editor, left the country until the paper reopened the following year, under a new peace accord.

Facing Two Dictatorships: The Struggle for Freedom of Expression), comparing the Somoza regime to FSLN rule in the 1980s particularly as regarded suppression of speech.

[1] In the 21st century he became at odds with the FSLN again, with the government blocking the import of paper, ink and other supplies for La Prensa in 2018 and 2019 before relenting.