Between 1963 and 1967, Browne worked at Queen's University Belfast in Northern Ireland, where he helped establish the school's first computational center.

[1] Browne founded the James C. Browne Graduate Fellowship Fund at the University of Texas,[3] and was named a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery,[4] the American Physical Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the British Computer Society.

[5][6] Browne was named one of the first faculty of the UT Computer Science Department in 1968, and served as Chair of Computer Science for a number of years, while retaining his appointment as Professor of Physics; he was a faculty member at UT for over 45 years.

Browne was a ground-breaker throughout his career, becoming an internationally recognized expert in parallel programming and computation and performance optimization.

Browne was married to Gayle, with whom he had three children (Clayton, Duncan and Valerie), from 1959 to his death on January 19, 2018, aged 83.