James Henry Fleming

James Henry Fleming (Toronto, July 5, 1872 – June 27, 1940) was a Canadian ornithologist.

In 1916, he became a fellow of the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU), and by 21 was an associate member.

The National Museum of Canada made him honorary curator of ornithology in 1913.

He was elected British Empire Member of the British Ornithological Union; Corresponding Member of the Zoological Society of London; and Membre d'Honneur Étranger of the Société Ornithologique et Mammalogique de France.

Over his life he amassed a vast collection of specimens, numbering over 32,000, and a large ornithological library considered to be one of the largest and most representative private collections at the time.