He played college football for the Arkansas Razorbacks and was signed as a offensive tackle by the Buffalo Bills as an undrafted free agent after the 2004 NFL draft.

He was later traded to the Philadelphia Eagles in 2009 and spent the next twelve seasons playing for them, before joining the Chicago Bears in 2021, the Dallas Cowboys in 2022, and the Seattle Seahawks in 2023.

In his junior season, Peters registered 21 catches for 218 yards and four touchdowns, which earned him a second-team All-Southeastern Conference selection.

A fairly athletic tight end at more than 320 pounds, Peters was seen as "a clone of former Denver Broncos giant Orson Mobley.

[8] In 2007, Peters was selected to start at left tackle in the Pro Bowl for the American Football Conference team.

Peters had been unhappy with his contract and had not been attending the Bills’ offseason activities after staging a holdout in 2008 during training camp.

[17] On October 23, 2017, during Monday Night Football against the Redskins, Peters left the game with an apparent right knee injury.

[27] On August 16, 2021, Peters signed with the Chicago Bears, after the team was decimated with injuries at the left tackle position.

In Week 1 against the Los Angeles Rams, he suffered a quadriceps injury in the second quarter and was replaced with rookie Larry Borom and Elijah Wilkinson.

In Week 14 against the Green Bay Packers, he suffered a high ankle sprain in the first quarter and was replaced with rookie Teven Jenkins.

On September 5, 2022, Peters signed with the Dallas Cowboys practice squad to provide depth while Tyron Smith recovered from his torn hamstring injury and to improve his conditioning form.

[1] In Week 14 against the Houston Texans, Josh Ball replaced an injured Terence Steele (tore both the ACL and MCL in his left knee), but he struggled so much that Peters was forced to play at right tackle for the first time since 2006 on the eventual game-winning drive.

In Week 17 against the Tennessee Titans, a high ankle sprain injury to center Tyler Biadasz led to a three-player shuffle on the offensive line, which included Peters playing at left tackle.

He played sparingly during the season (10 games with one start), suffering multiple injuries, including one on his hip, that kept him out of the divisional playoff round loss to the San Francisco 49ers.

[32] One day later on September 12, he signed with the team's practice squad after injuries forced both of Seattle's starting tackles, second-year players Abraham Lucas and Charles Cross, out of their Week 1 game against the Los Angeles Rams.

[36] Peters was arrested and charged with playing loud music and disturbing the peace on March 26, 2011, in Shreveport, Louisiana.