Hazlewood was raised in the small country town of Bendemeer, New South Wales, situated 40 km north of Tamworth.

[8] He would frequently engage with his older brother in fierce backyard cricket matches, and by the age of 12 was already playing for Tamworth against adult men.

[12] In February 2020, in the 2020 IPL auction, he was bought by the Chennai Super Kings ahead of the 2020 Indian Premier League.

[13] In the 2022 Indian Premier League Mega auction, Josh Hazlewood was bought by the Royal Challengers Bangalore for ₹7.75 crores.

He made his Test match debut against India at the Brisbane Cricket Ground, commonly known as The Gabba on 17 December 2014.

[20] Hazlewood picked up nine wickets in the Champions Trophy that year while topping the ICC ODI bowlers' rankings.

[26] On 16 July 2020, Hazlewood was named in a 26-man preliminary squad of players to begin training ahead of a possible tour to England following the COVID-19 pandemic.

[27][28] On 14 August 2020, Cricket Australia confirmed that the fixtures would be taking place, with Hazelwood included in the touring party.

[32] Hazlewood was selected in Australia's squad in the 2021–22 Ashes series, where he only played the first test match in Brisbane, taking three wickets and two catches.