[7] Segre was born in Berkeley, California, the daughter of Nina and Gino Claudio Segrè.

summa cum laude in mathematics from Amherst College in 1987,[8] where she later served on the board of trustees.

Segre then performed postdoctoral training in Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology at the University of Chicago (1996-2000).

Segre came to the National Human Genome Research Institute of NIH in 2000 and was promoted to a senior investigator with tenure in 2007.

[11] Segre's laboratory also develops genomic tools to track hospital-acquired infections of multi-drug resistant organisms.