Chiba Prefecture Kamagaya has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall.

[3] Per Japanese census data,[4] Kamagaya's population experienced rapid growth in the late 20th century and has plateaued in the early 21st.

Kamagaya flourished in the Edo period 1603–1868 when the area was largely tenryō territory within Shimōsa Province controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate.

In the Edo period Kamagaya was also a thriving shukuba post on the Kioroshi Road, which connected present-day Inzai on the Tone River to Edogawa-ku in Tokyo.

The road was utilized to bring fresh fish and other marine products from the Tone River region to the capital Edo.

Due to its numerous train connections it serves as a transportation hub and bedroom community for nearby Chiba and Tokyo.