Located in the mountainous area that divides the center of Bōsō Peninsula, Mutsuzawa has little flat terrain.

Chiba Prefecture Mutsuzawa has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall.

Myōraku-ji, a temple founded in the Heian period, houses a wooden statue of the seated Dainichi Nyorai which has been designated one of the Important Cultural Properties of Japan.

Mutsuzawa has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of 15 members.

In terms of national politics, the town is part of Chiba 11th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.