Bozumbayev's state service began in 1997 when he was appointed head of the Regional Policy Department at the Ministry of Economy and Trade of Kazakhstan.

Upon taking office, he set priorities aimed at attracting both domestic and foreign investments, revitalizing the regional economy amidst the Great Recession, reducing unemployment, enhancing infrastructure such as roads, and resolving persistent issues like inadequate access to clean water in rural communities.

[5] A notable achievement by Bozymbaev was the promotion of green technology, making the Jambyl Region a pioneer in renewable energy market.

[6] Additionally, his tenure attracted substantial investments, enabling the development of industrial zones and initiating projects aimed at creating new jobs and further bolstering economic growth.

Additionally, Bozumbayev led the construction of the Saryarka main gas pipeline from the Kyzylorda Region to Astana, enhancing Kazakhstan's gasification efforts.

Additionally, he joined the Board of Directors of the Samruk-Kazyna National Welfare Fund in 2020, which is responsible for managing Kazakhstan's state-owned assets.

[9][10] In March 2024, Bozumbayev was appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan, a position that marks a significant milestone in his political career.

In November 2014, a photo surfaced on the internet showing Bozymbaev with his eyes closed during President Nursultan Nazarbayev's State of the Nation Address.

In the fall of 2017, Kazakhstan experienced a gasoline shortage in several regions, which led to a motion being submitted to President Nazarbayev on 10 October 2017 by Prime Minister Bakhytjan Sagintayev, calling for a reprimand of Bozymbaev.

In a media interview in January 2020, Sadibekov’s lawyer, Almira Shaikhina, suggested that the trial against her client was partly intended to discredit Bozymbaev, his former superior.