Naikaku Sōri Daijin Kantei literally translates to "Prime Minister's Office" in English.

In addition to being the principal office of the Prime Minister, the building also serves as the principal office of the Chief Cabinet Secretary and their Deputy, the location of Cabinet meetings, and is also the location of a national crisis management center.

[3] Installed with solar panels and a rainwater storage system, the new building has been designed to minimize environmental impact.

[7] The former office building is now known as the Naikaku Sōri Daijin Kōtei (内閣総理大臣公邸), the Prime Minister's personal residential quarters.

It was heavily influenced by the architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright, in particular his design for the second Tokyo Imperial Hotel.