Karsten was born at Bützow in Mecklenburg-Schwerin and initially studied law in Rostock.
In 1819 he was named mining councilor to the Ministry of the Interior in Berlin.
[1] He was author of several comprehensive works, including: Karsten was well known as editor of the Archiv für Bergbau und Hüttenwesen (Archive for mining and metallurgy; 20 volumes, 1818-1831); and (with Ernst Heinrich Karl von Dechen) of the Archiv für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Bergbau und Hüttenkunde (26 volumes, 1829–1854).
His son, Dr. Hermann Karsten (1809-1877), was a professor of mathematics and physics at the University of Rostock.
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