Karlivka Raion (Ukrainian: Карлівський район) was a raion (district) in Poltava Oblast in central Ukraine.

The raion's administrative center was the city of Karlivka.

The raion was abolished and its territory was merged into Poltava Raion[1] on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four.

[2][3] The last estimate of the raion population was 32,539 (2020 est.

)[4] At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:[5]