It was ruled by a cadet branch of the tozama daimyō Nabeshima clan for all of its history.

Nabeshima Naoto, the ninth daimyō, constructed Kashima Castle in 1821, designating it as his official residence.

Nabeshima Naoyoshi, the final daimyō, was granted the title of viscount in the kazoku peerage order in 1884.

The Akamon (main gate), Otemon, and the earthen walls of the Jin'ya have survived to this day.

Additionally, the Tsunehiro Castle Gate has been relocated to a private residence, preserving a piece of historical architecture.