Khan Temir

He was associated with the Mansur clan which held the northwestern steppe-like corner of Crimea and had connections with the steppe nomads.

In 1606 he led 10,000 men to raid Podolia and was defeated by Crown hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski at the Battle of Udycz.

[1] In June 1612 he led a Ottoman-Tatar army to Moldavia where he captured its ruler Constantin Movilă.

Instead of fighting they made the Treaty of Busza in which they agreed to halt raids by their Cossack and Tatar vassals.

Stanisław Żółkiewski offered to retreat if he could hold Khan Temir hostage until he reached the Polish border.

During the negotiations for the Treaty of Khotyn around October 1621 the Poles asked that Khan Temir be moved away from their border, something that the Ottomans were not strong enough to do.

His first task was to move Khan Temir from the Polish border to stop his private raiding after the Ottoman-Polish peace treaty.

[2] He led the Crimean army west and somehow talked Khan Temir into moving east to the Syut-Su river (location?[3]).

Temir’s nobles convinced him that their position was untenable, so the Budjak Horde moved back east for the second time, after burning everything they could not carry.

Starting in January 1626 a Crimean-Budjak army plundered some 200 villages in Volhynia and Galicia and withdrew before Koniecpolski and Stefan Chmielecki could bring up troops.

In early 1627 khan Mehmed led 10000 Crimeans and Budjaks east to deal with some Besleney who had stopped paying tribute.

As he left some Budjak mirzas slipped away and murdered Mehmed’s father-in-law who in 1622 had killed Khan Temir’s uncle.

Mehmed assumed that this could not have happened without Khan Temir’s consent, so he sent a messenger to Shahin ordering him to be arrested.

Shahin and Mehmed fled to the ancient rock-fort of Chufut-Kale, which Khan Temir besieged.

Ottoman galleys landed at Kaffa, Mehmed was deserted by his men (30 June) and fled to the Cossacks.

In late 1628 Mehmed tried to restore himself but was abandoned by his Cossack allies while Khan Temir guarded the entrance to Crimea at Perekop.

In the fall of 1629 kalga Devlet Giray and Khan Temir attacked Galicia in revenge for Polish support of Mehmed.

In June about 1000 Budjaks raided Podolia and returned to Moldavia with their loot where Koniecpolski defeated them and Khan Temir’s son-in-law was captured.

In September the Ottoman commander marched north with much of the Budjak horde under Khan Temir.

Khan Temir was greatly outnumbered, so he told his men to make the best deal they could and fled south to Ottoman Kiliya where he stored his treasures and then on to Istanbul.

In June 1637 an Ottoman fleet arrived in Kaffa and Inayet decided to give up and go to Istanbul.

The father could not resist strong language, so the Ottomans sent men to his house and strangled him, killing him on 10 July 1637.