The school campus is located on Kololo Hill, in Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city.

Kololo SSS is bordered by Lugogo Bypass to the east, Nviri Lane to the southeast, Malcolm X Avenue to the south, and Mackenzie Vale Road to the west and north.

This location lies approximately 3 kilometres (1.9 mi), north of the central business district of Kampala.

After the forced Asian exodus in 1972, the school population became predominantly African.

Following the introduction of Universal Secondary Education, six hundred new students signed up for S1 in 2007, three times the usual number.