[1] Kshama refers to forgiving others for the misdeeds they performed upon oneself, which is why it is related to qualities such as forbearance and compassion.
[1] The concept of kshama forms one of the ten traditional yamas (i.e., restraints) that are codified in numerous Vedic scriptures such as the Manusmriti and theVasishtha Samhita.
[4] Kshama is often associated with other qualities such as duty, righteousness, forbearance, compassion, freedom from anger and patience.
[1][5] These qualities are explained in Hindu scriptures such as the dharma sastras and the Shrimad Bhagavad Gita.
[5] Kshama is discussed in several Hindu texts, a number of these references are provided below: Contentment, forgiveness, self-control, abstention from unrighteously appropriating anything, [obedience to the rules of] purification, coercion of the organs, wisdom, knowledge [of the surpreme Soul], truthfulness and abstention from anger, [these form] the tenfold law (Manu 6:92).
[4]In Him reside (1) truthfulness, (2) cleanliness, (3) intolerance of another's unhappiness, (4) the power to control anger, (5) self-satisfaction, (6) straightforwardness, (7) steadiness of mind, (8) control of the sense organs, (9) responsibility, (10) equality, (11) tolerance, (12) equanimity, (13) faithfulness, (14) knowledge, (15) absence of sense enjoyment, (16) leadership, (17) chivalry, (18) influence, (19) the power to make everything possible, (20) the discharge of proper duty, (21) complete independence, (22) dexterity, (23) fullness of all beauty, (24) serenity, (25) kindheartedness, (26) ingenuity, (27) gentility, (28) magnanimity, (29) determination, (30) perfection in all knowledge, (31) proper execution, (32) possession of all objects of enjoyment, (33) joyfulness, (34) immovability, (35) fidelity, (36) fame, (37) worship, (38) pridelessness, (39) being (as the Personality of Godhead), (40) eternity, and many other transcendental qualities which are eternally present and never to be separated from Him.
[1] Jainism and Buddhism are not theistic religions and therefore, kshama is practiced solely for the purpose of self-improvement.