[8] Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described.

Crosslink of this receptor protein on the surface of monocytes has been shown to induce calcium flux and secretion of several proinflammatory cytokines, which suggests the roles of this protein in triggering innate immune responses.

[11] LILBR2 plays a critical role in the inhibition of axonal regeneration and functional recovery after brain injury.

[12] However, recent studies demonstrate that LILRB2 is a β-Amyloid receptor and may contribute to synaptic loss and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

[5][13] Due to its proximity to LILRB2, it is believed that LILRA5 mutation may also contribute to Alzheimer's disease.