There is ongoing research into brain modularity in the fields of cognitive science and neuroscience, although the current idea is much weaker than what was proposed by Chomsky and Jerry Fodor in the 1980s.
The current[vague] view is, then, that language is neither compartmentalised nor based on general principles of processing (as proposed by George Lakoff).
[1][2][3] The notion of a dedicated language module in the human brain originated with Noam Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar (UG).
The Wada test, where sodium amobarbital is used to anaesthetise one hemisphere, shows that the left-hemisphere appears to be crucial in language processing.
[23][27][28][29][30] Thus, the evidence needed to complete the picture for modularity – intact language coupled with gross intellectual deterioration – is not forthcoming.
Yet evidence suggests that areas purported to subserve language also mediate motor control[33] and non-linguistic sound comprehension.
[34] Although it is possible that separate processes could be occurring but below the resolution of current imaging techniques, when all this evidence is taken together the case for information encapsulation is weakened.