The major geographic features in Larkin Township include the Buffalo Ridge, the drainage divide between the Mississippi and Missouri River systems.

Main highways include: Organization of Larkin Township was approved by the Nobles County Board on March 27, 1883.

The rationale at the time centered on the supposedly pivotal role John Larkin had played in supporting Bishop John Ireland's Catholic colonization efforts in southwestern Minnesota; however, little evidence exists that Larkin played any major role.

Larkin Township is located in Minnesota's 1st congressional district, represented by Mankato educator Tim Walz, a Democrat.

Larkin Township is represented by Nobles County Commission Gene Metz