The capital city Lewoleba (also known as Labala) is found on the western part of the island next to a bay, across which lies Ile Lewotolok volcano to the north.

From Lewoleba there are daily connections to Larantuka (on Flores), and Waiwerang (on the neighbouring island of Adonara).

Lamaholot is spoken as a native language on Eastern Flores and Western Solor, and is itself divided into ten or more sublanguages (and many more dialects).

[4][5] Lamalera and Lamakera (on the neighbouring island of Solor) are the last two remaining Indonesian whaling communities.

In 2011, the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) found two rare coral reef fish in the Lamalera Sea; they were Yellow-fin fairy wrasse (Cirrhilabrus flavidorsalis) and swallowtail hawkfish (Cyprinocirrhites polyactis), which only exist in waters surrounding Indonesia and the Philippines.

[6] In February 2016, a new species of flasher wrasse, Paracheilinus alfiani, was described from a holotype collected from the reef around Lembata.