Liberty Township covers an area of 91.51 square miles (237.0 km2).

The population density was 14.98 inhabitants per square mile (5.78/km2).

The township contains the unincorporated areas and historical communities of Dongola, Drum, Glennon, Hahn, Sank, and Schlatitz.

The township contains the following six cemeteries: Cane Creek, Crites, Frazier, Kellion, Mansion, Mansker, and Wayne.

Other bodies of water located in the township include the Diversion Headwater Channel, Virgin Creek Lake, and Whippoorwill Lake.