For the 1992 season, team owner Guy Ligier secured the use of the Renault RS3 3.5 V10 engine, maintained by Mecachrome at a cost of $12 million.

The team initially used the RS3B model, before being upgraded to a supply of RS3Cs later in the year, from the Hungarian Grand Prix onwards.

[1][2] The chassis was designed by Frank Dernie, with some input from Gérard Ducarouge and using the aerodynamic research data and windtunnel model from the stillborn Reynard F1 project.

The JS37 was configured with double wishbone pushrod suspension having twin Bilstein dampers, front and rear.

[1] Presented in a largely blue colour with white sidepods, the JS37 carried sponsorship from cigarette brand Gitanes Blondes, Loto Sportif and Elf.

[1] Prior to the start of the season, Alain Prost test drove the JS37 several times with a view to joining the team after his dismissal from Ferrari the previous year.

[1] The JS37 made its debut at the first race of the 1992 season at the South African Grand Prix, qualifying 13th (Comas) and 14th (Boutsen) fastest.

The teammates collided on lap 37 while Comas was attempting to overtake Lotus driver Johnny Herbert.

[8] At San Marino, Boutsen qualified 10th and was holding this position in the race when he retired with an engine problem.

[11] At the team's home race, the French Grand Prix, Comas enjoyed further success, finishing in 5th after qualifying in 10th place on the grid.

Boutsen, having qualified in 9th, was running in the points ahead of Comas but spun his car and was unable to restart.

[2] Comas failed to qualify for the Belgian Grand Prix, after a heavy crash in practice on the Friday of the race.

Ligier's total of six points saw it finish joint 7th in the Constructor's Championship, alongside Footwork Arrows.