African-American women have been practicing medicine informally in the contexts of midwifery and herbalism for centuries.
Others, like Susie King Taylor and Ann Bradford Stokes, served as nurses in the Civil War.
Formal training and recognition of African-American women began in 1858 when Sarah Mapps Douglass was the first black woman to graduate from a medical course of study at an American university.
Two women, Jane Hinton and Alfreda Johnson Webb, in 1949, were the first to earn a doctor of veterinary medicine degree.
This is an alphabetical list of African-American women who have made significant firsts and contributions to the field of medicine in their own centuries.