List of Indian inventions and discoveries

It draws from the whole cultural and technological of India|cartography, metallurgy, logic, mathematics, metrology and mineralogy were among the branches of study pursued by its scholars.

It also does not include not a new idea, indigenous alternatives, low-cost alternatives, technologies or discoveries developed elsewhere and later invented separately in India, nor inventions by Indian emigres or Indian diaspora in other places.

Changes in minor concepts of design or style and artistic innovations do not appear in the lists.

[158] "It is India that gave us the ingenuous method of expressing all numbers by the means of ten symbols, each symbol receiving a value of position, as well as an absolute value; a profound and important idea which appears so simple to us now that we ignore its true merit, but its very simplicity, the great ease which it has lent to all computations, puts our arithmetic in the first rank of useful inventions, and we shall appreciate the grandeur of this achievement when we remember that it escaped the genius of Archimedes and Apollonius, two of the greatest minds produced by antiquity.

"[That army], which relished battle (rasāhavā) contained allies who brought low the bodes and gaits of their various striving enemies (sakāranānārakāsakāyasādadasāyakā), and in it the cries of the best of mounts contended with musical instruments (vāhasāranādavādadavādanā).

The Great Stupa at Sanchi (4th–1st century BCE). The dome shaped stupa was used in India as a commemorative monument associated with storing sacred relics.
Hanuman and Ravana in Tolu Bommalata , the shadow puppet tradition of Andhra Pradesh , India
A Nepali Charkha in action
A statue of Sushruta (600 BCE), author of Sushruta Samhita and the founding father of surgery , at Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) in Melbourne , Australia
The half-chord version of the sine function was developed by the Indian mathematician Aryabhatta .
Brahmagupta's theorem (598–668) states that AF = FD .
Crescograph, Bose Institute, Kolkata
A diagram of the fuel-cell AIP module developed by the DRDO of India, it can power ships or any other marine transport
Bengali Chemist Prafulla Chandra Roy synthesised NH 4 NO 2 in its pure form.
A Ramachandran plot generated from the protein PCNA , a human DNA clamp protein that is composed of both beta sheets and alpha helices ( PDB ID 1AXC). Points that lie on the axes indicate N- and C-terminal residues for each subunit. The green regions show possible angle formations that include Glycine , while the blue areas are for formations that don't include Glycine.
Direct evidence of lunar water in the Moon atmosphere obtained by the Chandrayaan-1's Altitudinal Composition (CHACE) output profile