[2][3] As to statistical hurricane research between 1883 and 1996 by the North Carolina State Climatology Office, a tropical cyclone makes landfall along the coastline about once every four years.
[4] After Southern Florida, Cape Hatteras has the lowest return period, or the frequency at which a certain intensity or category of hurricane can be expected within 86 mi (139 km) of a given location, in the country.
[7] Additionally, the remnants of inland tropical cyclones have produced flooding and landslides in the state's western region.
The most recent tropical cyclone to affect North Carolina was Hurricane Debby in August 2024, causing heavy rainfall, significant flooding, and multiple tornadoes across the state.
Historical data prior to 1700 is sparse due to lack of significant European settlements along the coastline; the few storms listed are largely records from Roanoke Colony and later the Province of Carolina.
[12] The remnants of a hurricane in 1940 dropped heavy rainfall in the state, which caused over $180 million in damage (2020 USD) from flooding and landslides.
Collectively, cyclones in North Carolina during the time period resulted in over $10 billion in damage (2010 USD), primarily from hurricanes Fran and Floyd.
[2] Onslow County was hit by Category 2 Hurricane Bonnie in August 1998, causing heavy rains, flooding, an estimated $480 million in damage and several fatalities.
[15][16] In September 2010, Category 2 Hurricane Earl passed roughly 100 miles off the coast of North Carolina, bringing heavy rainfall, storm surge, and strong winds for much of the Outer Banks.
In 2019, Category 2 Hurricane Dorian made landfall on Cape Hatteras, causing large storm surges to sweep across some islands, particularly Ocracoke.
In September 2022, Post-Tropical Cyclone Ian caused significant power outages, heavy rainfall, and several tornadoes across the state.