List of the prehistoric life of Maryland

This list of the prehistoric life of Maryland contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Maryland.

The Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Precambrian fossils in Maryland.

Fossil of the Early Ordovician-Early Devonian trilobite Calymene
Fossil of the Late Ordovician-Middle Devonian trilobite Dalmanites
Life restoration of the Permian snake-like amphibian Lysorophus showing speculative egg-coiling behavior
Life restoration of the Silurian-Middle Devonian eurypterid ("sea scorpion") Pterygotus
Assemblage of fossilized shells of the Early Ordovician-Late Devonian probable mollusc Tentaculites
Life restoration of the Early Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Acrocanthosaurus
Life restoration of the Early Cretaceous sauropod dinosaur Astrodon
Life restoration of the Late Triassic-Eocene lungfish Ceratodus
Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna
Life restoration of the Early Cretaceous dromaeosaur ("raptor") Deinonychus
Illustration in multiple views of a fossilized shell of the Late Jurassic-Miocene nautiloid cephalopod Eutrephoceras
Fossil negative with skin impressions of the theropod dinosaur footprint ichnogenus Grallator
Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid cephalopod Jeletzkytes
Life restoration of two of the Late Cretaceous Mosasaurus
A living Odontaspis sand shark
Illustration of a fossilized tooth in multiple views of the Early Cretaceous armored dinosaur Priconodon
Restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene ray Rhombodus
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous shark Squalicorax
Life restoration of the Early Cretaceous Iguanodon relative Tenontosaurus
Life restoration of the Miocene camel Aepycamelus , or the long-necked camel. Heinrich Harder (1920).
Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene beardog Amphicyon
Shell of a modern Astarte bivalve
Life restoration of the Miocene sperm whale Aulophyseter
A living Bonasa umbellus , or ruffed grouse
A living Callinectes sapidus , or Chesapeake blue crab
Illustration in multiple views of a fossilized skull of the Pleistocene Canis armbrusteri , or Armbruster's wolf
Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene whale Cetotherium
A living Coluber constrictor , or eastern racer
Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna
Multiple views of a shell of a Cypraea cowrie sea snail
Illustration of a fossilized shell of the Miocene murex sea snail Ecphora gardnerae
Life restoration of the Pleistocene bovid Euceratherium , or the shrub ox. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
A living Felis , or cat
Fossilized skull of the Miocene crocodile relative Gavialosuchus
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Gomphotherium
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pliocene horse Hippotherium
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene dolphin Kentriodon
Pair of living Lontra canadensis , or North American river otter
Life restorations of a Mammut americanum , or American mastodon (right), and a Mammuthus primigenius , or wooly mammoth (left)
A wild male Meleagris gallopavo , or turkey, displaying his facial coloration and tail feathers to attract a female
Restoration of the Pliocene-Pleistocene Miracinonyx , or American cheetah
Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus
A living Nassarius , or nassa mud snail
Close-up portrait of a living Notorynchus cepedianus , or broadnose sevengill shark
At the top of the picture is a line representing twenty meters. Below this is a gray megalodon silhouette that measures twenty meters, below is a red megalodon silhouette that measures fifteen meters, below is a violet whale shark silhouette that measures ten meters, below is a green great white shark that measures five meters. Standing next to this shark is a black human silhouette that stands two meters.
Diagram illustrating the largest (grey) and most conservative (red) size estimates of the Miocene-Pliocene shark Carcharocles megalodon (sometimes Carcharodon or Otodus megalodon ) with a whale shark (violet), great white shark (green), and anachronistic human (black) to scale
Life restoration of the Miocene baleen whale Parietobalaena and calf
Restoration of a herd of alarmed Miocene-Pleistocene peccaries of the genus Platygonus . Charles R. Knight (1922).
A living Puffinus shearwater
A school of living Rhinoptera , or cownose rays
Fossilized skull of the Miocene toothed whale Schizodelphis
Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene shark-toothed dolphin Squalodon
Illustration of a living Synaptomys , or bog lemming
A living Tapirus , or tapir
Fossilized skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene gavial relative Thecachampsa
A living Tursiops , or bottlenose dolphin
Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene whale Xiphiacetus