Lithothelium echinatum is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Pyrenulaceae.

Found in China, it was formally described as a new species in 2006 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot.

The type specimen was collected by the author in Green Stone Park (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan) at an altitude of 600 m (2,000 ft); here, the pale green, thin crust was found growing on limestone.

Lithothelium echinatum is the only species in genus Lithothelium that has echinate ascospores (i.e., with pointed spines).

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