Law enforcement in Lithuania is the responsibility of a national police under the jurisdiction of the Interior Ministry.

The origins of the Lithuanian police could be traced back to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, when the first Boni Ordinis Commission (literally, Good Order Commission) was established in Gardinas in 1776 (later in Brest, Minsk, Kaunas and other cities).

[4] In 1775, the Permanent Council of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth established a Police department, but it did not have the authority over the Boni Ordinis Commissions and served primarily as an advisory body.

[6] A separate Police Commission of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the headquarters in Vilnius was established in 1793.

[4] The origins of the contemporary police are the volunteer militia formed in 1918 after the declaration of the Republic of Lithuania.