Lithuanians in Belarus (Lithuanian: Baltarusijos lietuviai; Belarusian: Беларускія літоўцы, romanized: Bielaruskija litoŭcy; Russian: Белорусские литовцы, romanized: Belorusskiye litovtsy) have a long history, as the lands of what is now Belarus was part of Lithuania[note 1] for more than half a millennium from the 13th century onwards.

The history of ethnic Balts in what is now Belarus is evidenced by numerous archaeological finds, hydronyms and toponyms.

The territory of modern Belarus was inhabited solely by Balts from at least 2nd millennium BC.

[1] From the later part of the 1st millennium AD until the advent of Slavicisation, the numbers of Balts decreased, although isolated islands that maintained their culture remained.

[1] Throughout the existence of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the territory of modern Belarus was inhabited by many Lithuanians.

[1] Here, the remaining pagan Lithuanians were baptised in 1387 during the Christianization of Lithuania and the Roman Catholic parish of Obolcai [lt] (which is located to the west of Orsha) was established.

[1] Then, in 1931–38, the bureau was part of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Western Belorussia.

[1] In 1927–37, there were Lithuanian sectors in Academy of Sciences of the Byelorussian SSR and the Government's publication company.

In 1929–38, there was the Lithuanian middle school of Zigmas Angarietis in Dymanova [lt] (Dimanovas).

[3] However, all schools were closed in the aftermath of World War II with the Soviet re-occupation of Lithuania.

"Etnografinių tyrimų laukas už Lietuvos ribų: šeima ir jos papročiai" [The Scope of Ethnographic Research Outside Lithuania: The Family and Its Customs].