To the east with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela sharing the Serranía del Perijá mountain range.

The eastern part of the territory, near the Serranía del Perijá is inhabited by the Yukpa indigenous people.

The first inhabitants of what is present-day the municipality of Los Robles La Paz were the indigenous peoples known as Chimila, which populated the plains of the valley of the Cesar River.

[3] The Spanish arrived in the area in 1531 but the region of Los Robles La Paz remained dominated by the Chimila.

[4] An encampment for decommissioned FARC fighters was established in 2016 near La Paz as a part of the Colombian peace process.