Born in Bernstadt (now called Bierutów), the capital of the Duchy of Bernstadt in Silesia, she was the eldest of the seven children of Duke Christian Ulrich I of Württemberg-Oels and his first wife, Anna Elisabeth, a daughter of Prince Christian II of Anhalt-Bernburg and Eleonore Sophie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg.

From her father's later marriages she had eight half-siblings, of whom only three survive adulthood: Charles Frederick II, Duke of Württemberg-Oels, Christian Ulrich II, Duke of Württemberg-Wilhelminenort (both sons of Sibylle Maria) and Auguste Louise (daughter of Sophie Wilhelmine; by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Weissenfels-Barby).

On 20 August 1688, at the age of 15, Louise Elizabeth married Duke Philip of Saxe-Merseburg-Lauchstädt as his second wife.

One year later (1690) and within days, she lost both her son (6 June) and her husband, when he fell during the Battle of Fleurus on 1 July.

It was housed in her palace, because of her commitment[2] Between 1717 and 1721, her small court orchestra was directed by Christian August Jacobi (1688 – after 1725).

[3] This cantata is considered representative of the Saxon baroque music and is still performed occasionally in the Frauenkirche in Dresden.