In Josephus' time, it was known to stretch in breadth from Xaloth (Iksal) to Bersabe, and in length from Cabul to Tiberias,[1] a region that contains around 470 km2.

In the western part of the Lower Galilee there are several low hills (200–300 meters) covered with Oak tree forests, the central Lower Galilee region is more mountainous and the eastern Lower Galilee region turn into flat basalt mountainside reaching heights of 300 meters above sea level which extend from northeast to the southwest.

The Lower Galilee is more accessible to the majority of Israelis (less than a 2-hour drive from the Tel Aviv area).

In the Iron Age II, Lower Galilee was part of the Kingdom of Israel, which fell to the Assyrian Empire in the 8th century BCE.

Archaeological evidence shows that the number of settlements in Lower Galilee plummeted from 60 before 733/732 BCE to zero, remaining uninhabited for centuries.