Maksym Kryvonis

For the first time in the history of Lviv, during the siege of the city his regiment captured the Vysokyi Zamok Castle, which was defended by the strong Polish–Lithuanian garrison.

A Polish pamphlet published in 1648 claimed that he was a serf of the Nemyrych family[2] (a hypothesis favoured by Soviet historiography).

[3] In this case his real name may well have been not a nickname based on his crooked or broken nose, but a translation of his Scottish family name Cameron.

His actions in Korsun and Pylyavtsi battles in 1648 led to crushing Cossack victories over the Polish armies.

[4] Jewish chronicles of that time portray Kryvonis as being responsible for the most brutal attacks on Jews and Poles in 1648.

Contemporary woodcut of Kryvonis's likeness (probably a Polish caricature) [ 1 ]