Margaritifera marrianae, the Alabama pearlshell, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Margaritiferidae, the freshwater pearl mussels.

[4] It is threatened by habitat loss[1] and declining water quality.

[1][3] The Alabama pearlshell is a medium-size, oblong mussel that grows up to 3.8 inches (97 mm) in length.

The shell is smooth and shiny and somewhat roughened along the posterior slope.

In the past it was thought to be the same species as the Louisiana pearlshell (Margaritifera hembeli).