Maria Diaconescu (née Diți; born 16 November 1937) is a Romanian former javelin thrower.

She won the silver medal in women's javelin throw at the 1962 European Athletics Championships, competed in the Summer Olympics twice, and was ranked in the world's top ten five times between 1957 and 1964.

Diaconescu won her first international medals in 1957, winning gold at the Balkan Games in Athens with a throw of 52.14 m and placing second behind Inese Jaunzeme at the UIE World Student Games in Moscow with 50.06 m.[2][3] Jan Popper, a Czechoslovakian sports statistician, ranked her second in the world that year, behind only Dana Zátopková and ahead of the previous year's number one, Jaunzeme.

[7] In 1962 she placed second to Ozoliņa at both the European Championships in Belgrade and the UIE World Student Games in Helsinki[3][5] and was again world-ranked second.

[4] She remained in the world's top ten in 1963 and 1964;[4] at the 1964 Summer Olympics she threw 53.71 m and placed sixth.