Martha Wertheimer

In 1919, she became only the fourth woman to receive a doctorate from the university with her dissertation, The theoretical content of the correspondence between Frederick the Great and Voltaire.

[3] In connection with the Nazi control of power in Frankfurt and the expulsion of Jews from professional positions, she was fired from the Offenbacher Zeitung in 1933.

She took on functions in the Jewish sports and youth organization Makkabi Germany and helped prepare for the settlement in Palestine (Hachshara training).

[5] In 1938–1939, she "played a central role"[5] in organizing transportation for endangered Jewish children from south and southwest Germany and sending them to countries such as the Netherlands and England, usually alone, without their parents, siblings or friends.

[3] Called Kindertransport, Wertheimer accompanied several trips to England to help get the German refugee children settled there, but she always returned to Germany.

[2][5] When the transports were halted because of the start of World War II, Wertheimer ran a soup kitchen as well as eight homes for elderly Jews in Germany.

Despite a serious leg injury from a bomb that exploded near her apartment, Martha continued to take on educational tasks and founded an apprentice workshop for Jews.