The state highway runs 1.86 miles (2.99 km) from Brown Station Road east to U.S. Route 301 (US 301) within Upper Marlboro.

After passing John Rogers Boulevard, MD 725 crosses Federal Spring Branch and enters the town limits of Upper Marlboro.

The state highway passes several industrial buildings that cluster around the road's at-grade crossing of CSX's Popes Creek Subdivision railroad line.

MD 725 reaches its eastern terminus at a cluster of restaurants surrounding the intersection with US 301 (Robert Crain Highway).

West of Federal Spring Branch, the highway was originally part of the gravel Marlboro Turnpike.