Born in Teresina, Piauí, Matheus Felipe joined Mirassol's youth setup in 2014, aged 15.
[1] Known as Matheus Piauí at the time, he made his senior debut on 23 July 2017, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–1 away loss against Penapolense, for the year's Copa Paulista.
On 4 February 2020, Matheus Felipe moved to Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão side Grêmio Prudente.
[2] Later in the year, he moved on loan to Juventus de Jaraguá, playing in the 2020 Copa Santa Catarina and the 2021 Campeonato Catarinense.
[3] On 7 April 2021, still owned by Prudente, Matheus Felipe signed for Série B side CSA until the end of the year.