Maximilian Kaluza (22 September 1856 in Ratibor, Upper Silesia – 1 December 1921 in Königsberg, East Prussia) was a German scholar of English philology.
Maximilian "Max" Kaluza studied from 1873 to 1877 at the Matthias Gymnasium in Wroclaw and was awarded his Ph.D. with a dissertation on the relationship of the Middle English alliterative poem William of Palerne to its French models on 12 January 1881.
On 17 May 1887 Kaluza completed his Habilitation at the Albertus-Universität Königsberg with a text about the manuscript transmission of the Middle English poem Libeaus Desconus, becoming a professor of English language and literature.
Among Kaluza's research was an observation concerning the metrical characteristics of unstressed vowels in the Old English poem Beowulf,[1] on which the name 'Kaluza's law' was later bestowed, apparently by R. D.
[2][3] The significance of Kaluza's observations for the dating of Beowulf has been debated extensively.