[1][2] Micrathena is derived from the Greek word for "small" and the goddess Athena, who specialized in weaving and spinning.

[2] The genus Micrathena consists of spiny orb-weaving spiders, possessing modifications such as the two pointed ends on either side of the abdomen of M. yanomami.

Owing to the prominence of sexual dimorphism among spiny orb-weavers, only female traits have been able to be thoroughly identified.

[4] Characteristics that separate female M. yanomami from other species of the triangularispinosa group include a black line that goes completely around the edge of the carapace as well as around the eyes, and granulation around the sides of the carapace and the inferior surfaces of the femora.

A dark brown band connects the two largest caudal spines, which are bright red.