[3] Griseofulvin, clotrimazole, miconazole,[7] enilconazole[8] and many herbal treatments, such as extracts from Azadirachta indica,[9] essential oil from Curcuma longa[10] and Eucalyptus pauciflora[11] have been reported to be effective in inhibiting the fungus.

[13] The sexual reproductive (teleomorph) stage of M. nanum was first described by Dawson and Gentles as Nannizzia obtusa in 1961 who isolated it from skin lesions in pigs in Kenya.

In addition, M. nanum also exhibits soil association characters such as urease activity and the formation of perforating organ on hair shafts.

The difference of mitochondrial DNA between fungal species is due to the variations in intergenic region, intron, and gene order.

The complete sequences of Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, T. ajelloi, M. canis, M. nanum, and Epidermophyton floccosum show that these 6 species in dermatophytes are closely related because their mitochondrial genomes are highly conserved.

[6] The distribution of M. nanum is worldwide, including North and South Americas, Canada, Europe, the Middle East, Australia, and Asia.

[3][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Microsporum nanum and several other dermatophytes were isolated from eleven soil samples of hospitals and public places at Gulbarga, India.

Keratinous wastes such as human dander and feathers of birds were suspected to provide a growth medium for these keratinophilic fungi.

[13] Unlike other species of Microsporum, Wood's Light Examinationof the skin yields inconsistent findings and fluorescence may or may not be observed.

[3] At the keratinized layer, M. nanum secretes many metabolic products, which trigger inflammation and result in chronic inflammatory infection in swine.

Of three human cases of M. nanum infection reported in 1986, all resolved with treatments by griseofulvin, clotrimazole or miconazole cream.

The application of the neem extract significantly inhibits the growth of the treated dermatophytes when compared with the control (untreated fungi).

[31] The essential oil from the leaves of the herb is effective in treating many pathogenic fungi, such as Epidermophyton floccosum, M. gypseum, M. nanum, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, and T.

In addition, the juice from the rhizome of Curcuma longa also be used to treat skin infections, indolent ulcers, inflamed joints, and in purulent ophthalmia.

[33] It is fungicidal to M. nanum, E. floccosum, M. audouinii, M. canis, M. gypseum, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. tonsurans, and T. violaceum at a concentration of 1.0 μL/mL.