Microtrauma

Microtrauma to the skin (compression, impact, abrasion) can also cause increases in a skin's thickness, as seen from the calluses formed from running barefoot or the hand calluses that result from rock climbing.

These injuries can arise in muscle, ligament, vertebrae, and discs, either singly or in combination.

Repetitive microtrauma which are not allowed time to heal can result in the development of more serious conditions.

Back pain can develop gradually as a result of microtrauma brought about by repetitive activity over time.

After microtrauma from stress (such as lifting weights) to muscles, they can be rebuilt and overcompensate to reduce the likeliness of re-injury.