Middle Saxons

The first known mention of Middlesex stems from a royal charter of 704 between king Swæfred of Essex, the abdicating king Æthelred of Mercia and succeeding king Coenred of Mercia, granting some land to bishop Walhere in Tuican hom (Twickenham) in the provincia called Middleseaxan.

[1][2][3] It likely included the early London settlement, Lundenwic,[citation needed] and probably Surrey,[citation needed] the "south region" of the Middle Saxon territory.

There is also some evidence that may suggest Middle Saxon settlement in western Kent.

Unlike these neighbours, the Middle Saxons did not manage to create a lasting kingdom of their own.

Stenton (1971) comments that the Middle Saxon's "original independence is at least probable".

Essex and Middlesex during the Heptarchy .
Middle Saxons (yellow) shown when their area was subject to Mercia .