Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, soccer, tennis, and track and field (indoor and outdoor); while women's sports include basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, softball, tennis, track and field (indoor and outdoor), and volleyball.

MC won the Division II National Championship in 1989, however, Mississippi College's football tournament participation, along with its NCAA Division II national football championship, were vacated by the NCAA Committee on Infractions for recruiting violations.

The Board of Trustees of Mississippi College voted in March 1995 for the university to become a member of Division III of the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the fall of 1997.

Since their transition to Division III in 1997, the Choctaws have won 25 American Southwest Conference championships.

[8] In the summer of 2005 Mississippi College opened new athletic practice fields which support soccer and football.

In a letter dated February 17, 2006,[9] Mississippi College received word that the NCAA has removed its policy restrictions in the use of the name Choctaw for MC athletics.

"Yellowjackets," he said, "were good only in dry weather" and just the week before the football team had played on a muddy and wet field.

Davis let the students know that the Choctaws were known for their bravery, fair play, had speed to burn, could run like deer, and could swim like a fish if needed.

After the final vote was cast, the name "Choctaws" was the clear winner and the school has been called that ever since the 1921 season.