[2] Monroe Township occupies a large area in southeastern Bedford County.

Its eastern border follows the crest of Rays Hill and is also the Bedford County–Fulton County line.

The western border of the township follows the parallel crest of Tussey Mountain.

Ten other named ridges, all parallel, occupy the rest of the township.

The unincorporated community of Clearville is located in north-central Monroe Township,[3] along Pennsylvania Route 26.