Its name is dedicated to Bernardo de Monteagudo Cáceres (1789-1825) who took part in the Chuquisaca revolution of 25 May 1809.

The climate in the Köppen Classification system is Cwa (sub-tropical with hot summers and dry winters).

The months of June to September are characterized by a distinct dry season, while December and January can have heavy rainfalls.

Monteagudo was originally named Sauces and was prominent in the frequent wars between Creole (white and mixed blood) settlers, the Spanish Empire, and the independent country of Bolivia against the Eastern Bolivian Guarani people (more commonly called Chiriguanos).

[3] On March 29, 1892, Apiaguaiki Tumpa the last Chiriguano war leader was executed in Monteagudo.